DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPH

I almost bring my wristwatch everywhere I go, because this is important thing for me. Its color is black. The size is medium, like other ordinary men's wristwatches. This is modern one, which also has digital part, which shows date, time, alarm, and stopwatch. It also has three hands which show the second, minute, and hour. The hand which shows the second is red colored, and the longest one. Another hand which shows the hour is the shortest one. Around the layer, it has a circle which is made from plastic, and silver colored. On the back side, it has iron part, which is written: Q-Tech Resist. This wristwatch is also water-resistant watch. There are four buttons on its four sides. On each button, there is a word which is written, to show its function, such as light, reset, start, and mode. The shape of the body is circle. This function is to show me the time, and also remind me by the alarm. My wristwatch is very useful to help me in my daily activities.

EXPLANATION: HOW TO MAKE A GOOD SHORT STORY

If you want to write a good short story, you can follow these steps, such as choosing theme and title, making plot, deciding the internal elements, writing, and editing process. Firstly, choose the theme and title which are interesting. Try to make an actual theme, and the title must represent the story. Then, make a good plot, or story. Develop the problem into the climax and resolution part. You can make a little surprise on the end of your story. After making a plot, decide the internal elements, such as settings, characters, and point of view. Setting is the place where the story happens, and it must be related with the characters.In point of view, the writer can be a narrator, or the character itself. Next, we start the writing process. Try to develop the story, and use good words. It will be better if we make a longer story than the plot we first made. At last, edit your writing, in grammar, logic, and punctuation. This process will make your writing better. If you follow these steps, hopefully, you will get a better result on your short story writing.

RECOUNT TEXT: A TRIP TO DONOREJO

Last Tuesday, my father and I went to my uncle's house in Donorejo, Purworejo, North Java. That was actually two years after the last trip we did. We only stayed the a couple of hours because we had to catch the last train to go back to Yogyakarta.

My father and I headed to the Maguwo station at about six in the morning to get the first train to Purworejo. That was actually our first time in trying this public transportation. Int the later times, we used to drive a car there, but that was just the past. We asked some people to ensure ourselves about the route and the destination. Few minutes later, the train came then we went in. The train stopped on some local stations, before we arrived at the Jenar station. Some people offered us to take us to the city using their motorcycle, but we choose to take a minibus van that cost us Rp 3.000,00 for single trip. At the Baledono market, we bought some Jenang, a Javanese traditional food, and ate them in the van.

That was quite disappointing cause we had to wait for about two hours before we went up to Donorejo. It was because the driver had to get more passengers so he could get his daily income in hand. Yes, public transportation was rarely used nowadays. Most of the passengers are the local sellers who bought many things, mostly basic commodities to be sold in their villages. It became more annoying cause a person asked us to give some more money to cover the lack of money. Finally, we headed to Donorejo at ten thirty, with sweat flowing below our dress. Poor us.

The driver was amazing. He's like an ex-F1 driver who chose to serve people in the remote area like that. It seems like he had been driving since he was a toddler. No intention to scorn him at all. On contrary, I really admire his ability, though I felt like living in the period of danger, when I was inside the van he drove. The way up to Donorejo was terrible. It's sloppy and curve. I couldn't imagine it cause my father said that the road was worse in the past. There were no van at all when he was a teenager. My mother and him had to walk to go there, and take a rest almost every ten minutes, because of the hard route.

After arriving at my uncle's house, we did ziarah to the tombs of my family's predecessors. Then we visited Grandpa Hadi's house. He actually suffered stroke but we could still understand his saying. Fortunately, his wive was good and healthy enough to take care of him, though some years ago she couldn't even get up from bed, because of an unknown disease. Father said that we had to take a lunch first before we could go home. That was such an unwritten rule there. Thank God, cause I even hadn't have a breakfast at all. We then only had few minutes in Uncle Gito's house, cause the van had arrived to take us downtown. At 2 in the afternoon, we arrived at Jenar station. Poor us. We were one and a half our earlier than the due time. So, we bought two cups of Black Dawet to lessen our thirst. A little talk with the seller, we waited the train which were late. At five, we arrived at Yogyakarta.

This was quite amusing and tiring trip at once. My father and I regretted it a little bit because we did not have much time to stay a night there. Another moment, I just wish.

EXAMPLES OF FOOD ADS (ADVERTISEMENTS)

GULA MERAH
Gedung Setiabudi One, Ground Floor
Kuningan, South Jakarta
Tel. 021-52904221
Get a botok fix (the Javanese food, not the wrinkle eraser) at this new Indonesian traditional food eatery. Along with the tasty botok (steamed coconut mixed with either anchovies or tempeh), there is chicken in spicy sauce, ribs in a crushed chili dressing, three flavored reoasted rice and more. Friendly service.



KEDAI
Jl. Benda Raya No.89
South Jakarta
021-7819945
Songbird Kartika Jahja, of Tika and the Dissidents’ fame, owns this kooky and comfortable eatery. There’s nothing disagreeable about it, not least the cute gift store upstairs.


TE SA TE
Plaza Senayan
4th Floor, Unit CP411
South Jakarta
Tel.021 5725521
An upmarket member of the Satay Khas Senayan group, this is a stylish, beautifully conceptualized restaurant. Don’t let the pristine appearance fool you into thinking the food will inevitably be lacking in flavor; it’s still down-home, hearty cuisine. Naturally, the satay, in all its varieties, is excellent, but there is much more to choose from on the menu. The Madiun-style Pecel is a standout.

ABOUT RECOUNT TEXT

Recounts tell the reader what happened. They retell a past event e.g. a visit to a farm. Recounts begin by telling the reader who was involved, what happened, where this event took place and when it happened. This is called the orientation. The sequence of events is then described in some sort of order e.g. time. There may be a reorientation at the end which summarizes the event.


When writing recounts you should:
• focusing on individual people i.e. use the words, I or we
• using words which indicate when (e.g. after lunch) and where the events took place (e.g. in the shed)
• write in the past tense e.g. had, visited
• using action words e.g. helped, crutched.

The name of this genre is also called self-explanatory. The social function of this text is to share a story of what happened in the past. With this text, a writer wants to tell the readers what (s) he or someone else experienced.

The text structure of a recount starts with an orientation. This part tells the readers the main idea of the story being discussed in the text. Yes, this part gives a setting of the story, so that readers are aware of the story is about. Again, it gives an orientation. The next part is the series of events. In this part, the story starts from the very early stages. That is to say, the story develops based on the sequence of the events. Finally, after all events are presented, the writer will wrap story up with a re-orientation. In this part, the writer summarizes the story and tells his/her impression of the experience that what has been elaborated.

Some examples of recount text are a story of unforgettable experience, news article, or the information you fill in the form of LOST report at the police station.

RECOUNT mempunyai GENERIC STRUCTURE sebagai berikut :
1. Orientation : Provides the setting and introduces the participants (memberikan informasi tentang apa, siapa, di mana dan kapan).
2. Events : Tell what happened in what sequence ( Laporan urutan kegiatan yang biasanya disampaikan secara berurutan)
3. Reorientation : Optional – closure of events. (biasanya berisi komentar pribadi / penilaian. Tidak selau ada dalam teks RECOUNT.

Recount memiliki tujuan tertentu, seperti:
1. Memberi (Menjual) Informasi
Sebagian besar tulisan dihasilkan dengan tujuan memberi (baca: menjual) informasi, teristimewa bila hasil karya tulis tersebut diperjualbelikan. Pada sisi positif lain, tulisan juga bersifat memperkenalkan atau mempromosikan sesuatu, termasuk suatu kejadian (berita) atau tempat (pariwisata).
2. Mengabadikan Sejarah
Sejarah harus dituliskan agar abadi sampai ke generasi selanjutnya.
3. Ekspresi Diri
Tulisan juga merupakan sarana mengekspresikan diri, baik bagi perorangan maupun kelompok.
4. Mengedepankan Idealisme
Idealisme umumnya dituangkan dalam bentuk tertulis supaya memiliki daya sebar lebih cepat dan merata.
5. Mengemukakan Opini dan Teori
Buah pikiran pun hampir selalu diabadikan dalam bentuk tulisan.

CONTOH EXPOSITION TEXT

Guitar is an Easy Musical Instrument

Guitar is an easy musical instrument, easy to play and very popular. Firstly, playing the guitar is easier than playing the piano. The chords can be easier to learn, because rather than learning the actual notes, a player can get away with learning chord 'shapes'. We can learn it without take a course, if we have own guitar. We can learn from the chord books and practice the chords in a songs. If we do not have a guitar, we can borrow it or we can ask our friend or someone who can play to teach us.
Secondly, guitar is popular musical instrument. Guitar is more practical, easier to carry round with you, and take with you to friends' houses, or the beach, and camping. It is cheaper than a piano or maybe another musical instrument, it is easy to setup just need the guitar do not need to prepare lots of things, and guitar can
make many kind of voices by playing it differently. So that’s why guitar become an easy musical instrument, easy to play and very popular.

CONTOH PROCEDURE TEXT 3

How to Use an A T M
( Automated Teller Machine )

Direction :
1. Insert your ATM Card into the machine.
2. Select a language.
3. Enter your PIN (Personal Identification Number), then press Enter button.
4. Select a transaction.
5. Withdraw money. If you want to withdraw (take out) money: select or enter the amount to withdraw.
6. Choose whether to do an additional transaction. Select YES or NO button.
7. Choose whether you want a receipt, select YES or NO button. Take the receipt if you requested it.
8. Wait while the system processes your transaction . (Then take your card. cash, and receipt. Always make sure that you have both your cash and your card.

CONTOH PROCEDURE TEXT 2

Make Your Own Aquarium Ecosystem

You will need :

gravel a jug full of pond water
a net an aquarium tank
water plants a bucket
water animals

Steps :

1. Firstly, spread the gravels over base of the tank.
2. Secondly, add a jug full of pond water.
3. Next, put the gravel ina net and pour a jug full of water on it.
4. Then, add some water plants from an aquarium centre
5. After that, add a few water animals
6. Finally, fill in the tank about half away and pour the water gently from a jug.

There is your own aquarium ecosystem. Place the tank in bright light, but not in direct sunlight.

CONTOH NARRATIVE TEXT 3

The Legend of Nyi Roro Kidul
( The Queen of South Ocean )


Once upon a time, there was a beautiful princess named Kadita. Because of her beauty she was called Dewi Srengenge, it means the goddess of sun. Her father was King Munding Wangi. Although he had a beautiful daughter, he was unhappy because he always expected to have a son.
The king decided to marry Dewi Mutiara. He had a son from her. Dewi Mutiara wanted her son to become a king in the future. She asked the king to send his daughter away. The king did not agree
Dewi Mutiara called black wizard to curse Kadita. She wanted Kadita’s beautiful body full of ulcer. Then Kadita’s body was full of ulcer. It smelled bad. The beautiful princess cried.
The King was very sad. No one could his daughter illness. The king did not her daughter to be a rumour so he sent his daughter away.
The poor princess did not know where to go. However she had a noble heart. She did not have any bad feeling abaout her step mother. She walked for almost seven days and seven night.Then, she came to the south ocean. The ocean was clean and clear. She jumped into the ocean and swam.
Suddenly, there was a miracle. The ocean water cured her illness. She become more beautiful than before. She also had a power to command the whole South ocean.
She become a fairy called Nyi Roro Kidul or The Queen of the South Ocean.

CONTOH REPORT TEXT

When I was in junior high school, I was not a very diligent student. In fact, I was quite lazy. I hated all the subjects that I took during school, especially science. For me science was very difficult. It was hard for me to remember the chemical processes, physics calculations, and biological processes. once, my teacher grounded me in the library because I did not do my Biology homework.
The teacher asked me to read several books and make a summary about them. When I was browsing the shelves, I found a book entitled “The inventors of Medicine”. I took it out then began reading it. I learned from the book about Edward Jenner. He was an English doctor who found the cure for smallpox. The next one was Louis Pasteur. His interest in bacteria led him to discover the treatments for rabies and anthrax. Just like Pasteur, Robert Koch’s experiments on bacteria also proved that tuberculosis can be spread to others by contact. Finally, there was Alexander Flemming , a British bacteriologist who found the first antibiotic and penicillin. After I read the book, I realised that science is useful for human kind. By studying, we can discover things that can help human kind.

CONTOH NARRATIVE TEXT 2

Bear and Rabbit

Once upon a time there lived as neighbours, a bear and a rabbit. The rabbit was a good shot, and the bear could not use the arrow . The bear was very unkind to the rabbit. Every morning, the bear would call over to the rabbit and asked the rabbit to take his bow and arrows and come with the bear to the other side of the hill. And shot enough buffalo. But the bear was very gluttonous, and didn’t want the rabbit to get any of the meat, so the poor rabbit couldn’t even taste the blood from the butchering, Poor rabit would have to go home hungry after his hard day’s work.
The bear was the father of five children. The youngest boy was very kind to the rabbit. The mother bear, knowing that her youngest was a very hearty eater, so the mother always gave him an extra large piece of meat. But the baby bear didn’t eat, he would take outside with him and pretend to play ball with it, kicking it toward the rabbit’s house, and when he got close to the door he would give the meat such a great kick, that it would fly into the rabbit’s house, and in this way poor rabbit would get his meal unknown to the papa bear.

CONTOH PROCEDURE TEXT

HOW TO SEND AN E-MAIL BY YAHOOMAIL

You will need a computer with internet access and an active Yahoo ID to send this e-mail.
1. Open the Internet Explorer and go to: mail.yahoo.com.
2. Type your ID and password on the login box. Then, click ‘sign In’.
3. After signing in, click ‘new’ on the left side of the page.
4. Type your destination address.
5. Type the subject of your e-mail.
6. Type the message. If you need to attach a file, click ‘attach’, and choose the file from your computer then click ‘open’. If the file has been successfully attached, it will appear above the message box.
7. After being sure with your message, click ‘send’.
8. After sending your e-mail, you can directly sign out from YAHOOMAIL, by clicking ‘sign out’ on the top of the page.

CONTOH INFORMATIONAL REPORT TEXT

HIP-HOP MUSIC

Hip-hop is one of many genres in music. This kind of music is very popular, especially in USA and Europe. It also becomes the culture of black people in those countries. But in the other ones, hip-hop is music for minority and is known by only little community.
Hip-hop came from Jamaican music, which used drums and basses in their performance. But, the word ‘hip-hop’ itself, was first introduced in South Bronx, New York, by a man called as ‘The Grandfather of Hip-Hop’, Afrika Bambaata. He also divided the culture of hip-hop into four elements: rap, break dancing, graffiti, and DJ-ing. Rap is also known as MC-ing, and is the way we sing by using rhymes on the lyric, while break dancing is an extreme dance which includes acrobatic style in the performance. Graffiti is the art of painting on the wall. But it is often assumed as vandalism by many people. DJ-ing is manipulating sounds or recordings into new ones. It requires a tool named ‘turntable’ and it also is divided into two styles: cutting and scratching.
At the beginning, hip-hop had a purpose to give amusement. But, in 1980’s especially in USA, it grew to be a music which was related to black people, drugs, and crime. Although this music still has bad reputation, many artists around the world keep trying to bring good messages such as peace, friendship, or love in their songs. Some of them are Black Eyed Peas, Too Phat, Eminem, etc. In Indonesia, hip-hop music is spread by Iwa K, Saykoji, Fade 2 Black, etc.
In conclusion, although this music is not well known as other ones, hip-hop still has little community which supports its existence. Even, in major countries in North America and Europe, it is very popular, and becomes the culture of the people. Not always the black ones.

CONTOH NARRATIVE TEXT

HIDING PLACE

One day, there was a woman who lived in a village called Basingbae, and her name was Sasmi. She lived there with her young brother, who was named Johar. After the death of their parents, they stayed in a small house, together. Years passed out, but there wasn’t any man who wanted to marry Sasmi. But she grew into a good cookies trader in a big market at Galo Kebay, the next village to hers. At six o’clock in the morning she always brought two big baskets which were full of cookies she made a night before, and walked to the market. Almost everyday, her cookies were sold out. It was because they were very delicious. And her brother, Johar, became a postman in Muara Tawai. So, he had to ride his bike there earlier than Sasmi.
Sasmi was a very careful woman, especially about money. She would place her money in unpredictable spots, hide them somewhere, and divide the placement of the money. On the other hand, Johar was a careless man. He could put his money on the bed, tables, or floors. So, he often lost them. One morning, a thief who had known the time when Sasmi’s house was empty, entered the house quietly through the window. After stealing the money, he ran away.
When Sasmi went home at five in the evening, she was very surprised to find the house was in a mess. She thought: a thief must have entered this house. But, she found her money were still in the place. Johar arrived twenty minutes later, and he was very angry to lose his money.
“Argh… How can’t you lose your money, Sasmi? Where do you put them?” said Johar.
“You don’t have to know it, My Little Brother.” She said while smiling, “But… I think we have to make a new hiding place for our money…”
“Yes, but… where shall we make it?”
Again, Sasmi’s smile appeared, “Any thief won’t have any business in our bath room, Johar…”
“So?” Sasmi didn’t answer. And after few seconds, Johar said, “Yes, you are absolutely right, My Dear Sister!! You are!”
* * *

CONTOH EXPOSITION TEXT

STOP GIVING MONEY TO BEGGARS!

We often see many beggars in many public places. Even, some of the beggars move from house to house to beg money from us. Then, because of pity, we give them money. It should be prohibited, because it can make them lazy to work, and the money given are not always well-used by them.
By giving money to beggars, indirectly, we support the existence of poverty in our society. If we give them a lot of money, next time, they will be back to our place, to beg once more, and more. So, they will be lazy, and prefer begging to looking for a job, although they are able to do it. Even, a lot of them think that begging is their job. They also exploit their own children, not to take such education, but to do begging, to help their family’s income.
We, as the people who give the money, also want it to be useful and well-used for their life, whether for their children’s education, or daily needs. But, in fact, many of them use it only for having fun, without considering what they will do with the money for the future. They get it, and spend it for useless thing. In worse cases, some of them use it to buy beers, or drugs. It will later be related to criminal actions. Some people say that giving money to beggars will reduce poverty. This is partially right, but, we can’t do it directly. We can’t change someone’s life by giving him or her some money.
So, we have to do it together with other elements of society. It will be better if we give the beggars jobs, or life skills, than money. Help stop giving beggars money!

TEXT TYPE: REVIEW

Berikut ini adalah sebuah contoh dari text type dengan jenis Review, yang membahas tentang album Linkinpark. Semoga bermanfaat. 

With much love and happyness

Kusuma 

REVIEW OF LINKIN PARK’S ‘MINUTES TO MIDNIGHT’

            ‘Minutes to Midnight’ is the third album of a rock band from California, Linkin Park. This album contains twelve songs written by themselves with Rick Rubin and the band’s former, Mike Shinoda as the producers.

            ‘Minutes to Midnight’ starts with an instrumental song called ‘Wake’ which seems to be an introduction to the album. Next is ‘Given Up’, a song about losing hope, but also represents anger. The mood changes with ‘Leave out All the Rest’, about weakness of someone’s life, and ‘Shadow of the Day’, a deeply meaningful song. Anger returns, in ‘Bleed It Out’, ‘No More Sorrow’ (an attack on a liar), and ‘In Pieces’ (about leaving a hypocrite), before the first single of this album, ‘What I’ve done’, a song about freedom and chaos. Like in ‘Bleed It Out’, Mike Shinoda also contributes his rap in ‘Hands Held High’, which is the representation of war’s situation. Even, in ‘In Between’, for the first time, he puts his singing vocal (without any rap) in a full song. Then, this album ends with mellow songs, ‘Valentine’s Day’ and ‘The Little Thing Give You Away’, a song for charity of Hurricane Katrina.

            Although ‘Minutes to Midnight’ has sold millions of copies around the world and has got some awards for the songs, I am quite disappointed with the album. It is because the songs are different than their style of music in their latest two albums, ‘Hybrid Theory’ and ‘Meteora’. They reduce the intensity of screaming of the vocalist, Chester Bennington, which always represents their real style of rock. The intensity of Mike Shinoda’s rap is also reduced. Both of these factors make the album to be dominated by mellow songs. It makes Linkin Park to be more a pop band than a rock one, in those songs.

            However, they have still highly qualified songs, which show the style of ‘real’ Linkin Park. By looking wholly at the album, I think ‘Minutes to Midnight’ is only a transformation of their musical personality to a deeper boundary.